Showing posts with label Fixed. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Fixed. Show all posts

Saturday, November 2, 2013

The New Deal in Old Rome by H. J. Haskell

Status: One Round of QC (11.01.2013)

EPUB: https://mega.co.nz/#!bMJQlAIA!JRrrdnR_9krYbutJpQp48nmoPI1xEH-7iFAqqpYuWfQ

After I completed this EPUB, I noticed that there was already an EPUB version for sale on Mises.org (must have slipped by me). So I did a code comparison and was able to wittle down even more errors.

Fix Notes:


Page 152: par. 0: jurisdiction

He was in charge of finances, public works, and civil and criminal jursdiction.

Page 163: par. 1: presidential

In modern presidental style he enjoyed fishing.

NOTE:


Could use better scans of the maps in the very beginning of the book.

Monday, September 16, 2013

Great Austrian Economists by Randall G. Holcombe

Status: Fixed (09.18.2013)

EPUB: https://mega.co.nz/#!KAIHxLZa!XX5fkU2l3exIMfmNDjRMRiso1_0VUAy3DgbY1B-nct0

Changes in EPUB:



- Replaced Cover
- Removed Back Image
- Replaced with latest LVMI banner (bloated the EPUB by ~100 KBs)
- Added eISBN
- Removed Fonts (bloated the EPUB by ~738 KB)
- I also tossed out all references to Times New Roman.
- GIF -> PNG -> compressed (177 KBs -> 145 KBs)
- Footnotes to the [##] format
- Footnotes sections separated by hr tag now.
- Removed empty spans.
- Swapped copyright statement from:

All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. All inquiries should be addressed to the Ludwig von Mises Institute, 518 West Magnolia Avenue, Auburn, Alabama 36832; or emailed to permissions@mises.org.


to a CC 3.0:

Published under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

- Floating images to the right
Original: http://www.imagebam.com/image/8e430f276307633
Old EPUB: http://www.imagebam.com/image/27d02c276307621
New EPUB: http://www.imagebam.com/image/6d456c276507306
Old ADE: http://www.imagebam.com/image/f40010276307625
New ADE: http://www.imagebam.com/image/0a03ae276307618
- New Images
Chapter 7 Before: http://www.imagebam.com/image/323829276507310
Chapter 7 After: http://www.imagebam.com/image/c817e6276507307
Chapter 8 Before: http://www.imagebam.com/image/5ee84e276507314
Chapter 8 After: http://www.imagebam.com/image/f1aafa276507313
Chapter 9 Before: http://www.imagebam.com/image/07ea37276507321
Chapter 9 After: http://www.imagebam.com/image/fdb34e276507317
- Changed Headings to smallcaps instead of the ugly code. (Much cleaner for the long-run).
- Changed first words in chapter from ALL CAPS -> smallcaps.
- Few spelling and italic mistakes.
- Fixed some spacing errors.
- "F. A." changed to "F.A." to match the way abbreviations were used throughout the rest of the book.
- Fixed lots of indentation mistakes in the Index.

Fix Notes:



Page 137: par. 0: final quotation missing closing quote.

The rise in standards of living are accompanied by an "increased proportion of workers in the higher occupations" implying "a further rise in the average condition of the masses" proving that "the diffused advantages of progress mean relatively more to the masses than to the rich.37

Page 138: par. 0: final quotation missing closing quote.

"The state regulates and limits," according to Fetter, with "its aim to preserve the benefits of competition without its evils, to lift the competition to a higher plane, and ... to give a higher and truer economic freedom.40

Page 189: Footnote 27: Hayek

For Hayeks I and II, see T.W. Hutchison, "Austrians on Philosophy and Method (since Menger)," in idem, The Politics and Philosophy of Economics: Marxians, Keynesians, and Austrians [...]

Page 258: Index: "U" is missing a space between the sections.

Tuesday, July 9, 2013

Prosperity Through Competition by Ludwig Erhard

Status: One Round of QC (07.08.2013)

EPUB: https://mega.co.nz/#!PQhREIJa!Q62H81FbtPnmlbilErJ9dyce2bB4NLSg3C2iURecIhE
Mises Link: https://www.mises.org/document/4333/Prosperity-Through-Competition

By the time I was almost complete with the new EPUB of this book, I noticed that Mises already created an EPUB version in 2011. I compared both, fixed up typos, and overall I believe my version is superior (and much smaller filesize (1233 KB -> 592 KB).

Most of the filesize difference was because of their poor bloated "grayscale" JPGs. I created some proper B&W PNGs, which are vastly superior quality, and much smaller filesize.

Fix Notes:


Page 129: par. 2, second sentence: guaranteed

I oppose cartels in principle, since a sound and well-intentioned social market economy—in which the word ‘social’ is consciously stressed—can only be guaranteeed if as a result of competition the superior achievement gains over the inferior, and if through this form of competition what is needed is supplied in the best possible quality and quantity and at the proper price.

Page 220: par. 2, middle of par.: Keynesian

One should, for example, recall Keynsian principles, ‘deficit spending’, the ‘policy of cheap money’, and all that goes with it, to understand that it will be extraordinarily difficult to arrive at acceptable common action and a unified rigorous policy in this sphere.

Page 140: "vis à vis" changed to "vis-à-vis" to match page 235's usage.

If my conception of cartels is interpreted as enmity vis à vis the businessman, I must doubt the seriousness and honesty of such an interpretation.

NOTES:



Page 67-68: Tables: The tables look to have the same headers (years), and the same exact categories. The numbers are slightly different in both tables, but the second should be a continuation of the first.

Page 254: par. 1: "dirigistically"? I did a Google search and it only found 16 hits. I am not too sure if this is the actual word?

A Europe which is dirigistically manipulated will itself paralyse the powers of resistance against the spirit of collectivism and allow the feeling for the benefits of freedom to perish.

Notes chapter was spread throughout the book so that each footnote was at the end of each chapter.

Saturday, July 6, 2013

Essentials of Economics by Faustino Ballvé

Status: One Round of QC + Code Comparison with LFB version (07.09.2013)

EPUB: https://mega.co.nz/#!LZRECDpD!YjVkgVf9lu0Uil9H4a6O_0nZnV0QvhGeV1tOsIp_HC8

Mises page: https://mises.org/document/3446/Essentials-of-Economics

I was looking through a backlog of videos, and I stumbled upon Jeff Tucker's review of this book here: http://vimeo.com/55406139. I always spotted it in the pile of PDFs/EPUBs, but never knew one thing about it. Jeff Tucker's description of this book as the perfect follow-up to "Economics In One Lesson" definitely made me excited to take a look back and clean up this EPUB.

Update on 07.09.2013: Compared with LFB version, fixed a few more typos.

Fix Notes:


Page 25: par. 1, about 2/3rds of the way down: himself

If he does not do this and allows himsef to be dazzled by appearances, by the example of other countries or other times, etc., then he runs the risk of obtaining, instead of a greater, a lesser return on his investment, to his own detriment and that of the market.

Page 27: par. 1: adventure

Production, around which all economic life revolves, is, then, the great advenure of mankind: it is the struggle with tomorrow, the struggle with the unknown.

Page 42: number 2: moreover

It is based, morever, on the assumption that money is nothing but a medium of exchange, and that its only role in the market is as a means of payment for goods and services.

Page 50: par. 0: unhappy

This is what the executive authorities of most of the countries in the world say must be done today, and the unhapy results of such a policy are everywhere to be seen.

Page 80: number 4: especially

For the alleged unjust distribution of wealth socialism, in all its various forms, does not seek corrective measures; this is rather the object of the so-called social reform movements, and more especally of the “planned” or “controlled” economy.

Tuesday, October 23, 2012

Why American History Is Not As They Say by Jeff Riggenbach

Status: Accepted on Mises (10.28.12)

My Typo Fixed EPUB (Mises.org): https://www.mises.org/document/6995/Why-American-History-Is-Not-What-They-Say

User Submitted EPUB (if wanted for comparison)

Original EPUB (Junk Calibre Conversion)
Original PDF

Fix Notes:


This EPUB was submitted by a user to the Mises Institute. The user cleaned the original EPUB by stripping out all/most of the calibre conversion, and fixed:

- TOC
- Formatting (LOOKS VASTLY SUPERIOR)
- Footnotes
- File Structure

I went ahead and took the cleaned version and fixed hundreds of typos (mostly hyphenation issues). Here is my typo fixes from the original/fixed EPUB.

Hyphenation Errors:


2 John Dos Pas-sos

2 Germa-ny

Roth-bard

oth-ers

Epis-temology

nonfic-tion

Stim-son

forth-rightly

Vid-al

Heca-taeus

Tuck-er

invad-ers

an-archo-communists

stat-ism

Strom-berg

DiLoren-zo

histo-riographical

mega-lomaniacal

libertarian-ism

col-lege

psycho-epistemo-logical

signifi-cant

Hit-lerism

de-pradations

[r]eform-ers

crystal-ised

rea-sons

Sch-weikart

effec-tively

develop-ment

Mil-lis

sa-credness

ibertar-ianism

Apple-man

unalien-able

Hard-ing


Spacing Errors:


36 accidental around '—'

52 non-spaced "[...]"

12 spaces before footnotes


2 J ohn

J ohnathan

2 J ames

j ournalism

[v] iewed

J ohnson

J efferson

McCor-mick

r evisionist

"blue/ grey"


Wrong Italics:


15 parenthesis

189 commas

79 periods

22 quotation marks

3 books improperly italic

3 Accidental links


1 Accidental '^'


Missing punctuation:


Right before footnote 168

"Levellers of the English Civil War (16421647)"

"story of Henri de Saint-Simon (17601825)"

"Reagan's eight years (19661974)"

"Charles Austin Beard (18741948)"


Added accents:


ancien régime

naïve -> naïve


Missing blockquote:


Around Footnote 276

Beginning of Section 5 Chapter VI


Footnote Fixes:


Footnote 12 was missing "1956), p.74."

Footnote 28 link fixed

Footnote 52 link fixed

Footnote 116 had "I99o), p. i8." -> "1990), p. 18."

Footnote 141 link fixed

Footnote 238 "[yaf and SDs]" -> "[YAF and SDS]

Footnote 286 link fixed

Footnote 327 "A. of Leviathan" -> "A New History of Leviathan"

Footnote 335 Superscript problems, and some typos

Footnote 363 link fixed

Footnote 376 link fixed

Footnote 378 link fixed


TOC Fix:


First link to Chapter 3 was broken. Changed "chap1" to "chap3"


Changed to Life of Washington."

- [...] favorite reading was Parson Weems' Life of Washington!


Godkin's Nation"

- [...] Godkin's Nation' [...]


Changed to "UCV"

- United Confederate Veterans (ucv)

Thursday, May 31, 2012

An Introduction To The Theory of Value By William Smart

Status: Fixed
ISBN: 9781610160438

Fixed EPUB: http://www.mediafire.com/?zaadiicdd966lgg

Original PDF: http://www.mediafire.com/?74r6asjscra7ec7
Original EPUB: http://www.mediafire.com/?r2fpvlsvrq18lqx

Fix Notes:


  • 4 ii changed to ü
  • 3 missing '.'
  • But if a few mouthfuls be sufficient to' make this want disappear for the moment, and if there be no probability of these mouthfuls ever being absent,
  • 2 accidental italic '('
  • 4 'o' changed to '0'
  • Anatomy of The State By Murray Rothbard

    Status: Fixed
    ISBN: 9781933550480
    Fixed EPUB: https://mega.co.nz/#!PUByEbwD!egvDnR39Wq7WEl4l701jwQGvg-xvfwAX8ufL7eGkqeo

    Fix Notes:


  • [s] trategists insist that their
  • Fixed accidental italics in Footnote 33
  • Fixed spacing in the Index (E, L, U)
  • A History of Money And Banking In The United States By Murray Rothbard

    Status: Fixed
    ISBN: 9780945466338

    Fixed EPUB: https://mega.co.nz/#!XdwWgJgL!T2lSi1fbGpb8wfdFrQvnCHHcv3N7uHv55wFNoqlqn9o

    Fix Notes:

  • 15 spacings fixed around '—'
  • 2 leftover '-'
  • fixed a wrong quotation
  • Fixed an accidental italic '('
  • Man, Economy, And State By Murray Rothbard

    Status: Second Pass (07.06.2013)
    ISBN: 978-1-933550-27-5

    Fixed EPUB: https://mega.co.nz/#!jEoChaAD!R4dv9lupwS3kP6l21Lp0ummqHQlM8RIc19Jz6ZJGgqg

    Original: https://mises.org/document/1082/Man-Economy-and-State-with-Power-and-Market

    Fix Notes:



  • 152 leftover '-'
  • 22 spacing issues
  • Extra 1 before Footnote in Chapter 1
  • added sub tag to "1/4"
  • Figure 32 Extra letters
  • Figure 36 "Rservation"
  • Figure 38 "Rgression" mispelled
  • Chapter 5 Production: Tthe Structure
  • Figure 47 "Iiterest"
  • Chapter 6 Footnote 5's second part was still in the text (missing in Footnote section)
  • Fixed a missing “ in Chapter 10
  • for the latter transfers saved funds from private to governmental hands rather than creates new funds
  • society for the last century and a half and more—the dread business cycle.
  • Thus, conservatives’ charges that the progressive tax
  • any of these positions may well be adopted without saying him nay.

  • Fix Notes (07.06.2013)



    Page 54: par. 0: the numerator in fraction "1/20" has a letter "l" instead of a "1"

    Similarly, a mill converting wheat into flour may have a useful life of 20 years, in which case we could say that l/20 of the mill was used up in each year's production of flour.

    Page 103: par. 3, near very bottom of page: "e" in price is not italic

    The price is the rate of exchange between two commodities expressed in terms of one of the commodities.

    Page 169: par. 3: en dash should be an em dash:

    In each case, different concrete considerations enter into the formation of the value scales–such as time preference in the case of credit exchanges; and this permits more to be said about the various specific types of exchanges.

    Page 550: first par. in section 8: "s" in "adds" is not italic

    In the real world there is an additional entrepreneurial (or “risk”) component, which adds to the interest rate in particularly risky ventures, and in accordance with the degree of risk.

    Page 600: Footnote 48: October "l" should be October "1", and the "e" in "idem" is not italic.

    [...] R.H. Coase, “Business Organization and the Accountant,” The Accountant, October l–November 26, 1938; and idem, “Full Costs, Cost Changes, and Prices” in Business Concentration and Price Policy, pp. 392–94; [...]

    Page 630: par. 0: the "s" in "sovereignty" is not italic.

    Rather than “consumers’ sovereignty,” it would be more accurate to state that in the free market there is sovereignty of the individual: the individual is sovereign over his own person and actions and over his own property.

    Page 793: Footnote 28: the "e" in "idem" is not italic.

    Irving Fisher, The Rate of Interest (New York, 1907), chap. v, xiv; idem, Purchasing Power of Money, pp. 56–59.

    Page 940: Footnote 54 carried over: "s" in "deficits" is not italic

    In contrast to the present method of national income accounting, Kuznets would have eliminated all government deficits from its “productive contribution.”

    Page 1049: par. 0: "e" in "the" is not italic

    The laissez-faire theorists (who are here joined by almost all other writers) attempt to redeem their position from this glaring contradiction by asserting that a purely free-market defense service could not exist and that therefore those who value highly a forcible defense against violence would have to fall back on the State (despite its black historical record as the great engine of invasive violence) as a necessary evil for the protection of person and property.

    Page 1178: par. 0: The "a" in "accumulated" is not italic.

    [...] is taxed on an income of 40 when his income was only 10. The final tax, therefore, largely becomes one on accumulated capital rather than on income.

    Page 1200: par. 1: "e" in "increase" is not italic.

    Any increase in the capital value of idle land, then, does not reflect a current rent; it merely reflects an upgrading of people's expectations about future rents.

    Page 1375: October "l" should be changed to "October 1"

    Coase, Ronald H. “Business Organization and the Accountant.” Accountant (October l–November 26, 1938).

    Name Index: Roman Numeral lvix is used in 4 positions and is wrong (should be lix):

    Kirzner, Israel --- Lachmann, Ludwig M. --- Mises -> Human Action --- Shackle, G.L.S.

    Monday, November 28, 2011

    Lessons For The Young Economist By Robert Murphy

    ISBN-10: 1933550880
    ISBN-13: 978-1933550886

    Fix Notes

    Chapter 1:
    The Scope And Boundaries of Economic Science:
    • Missing .: 2nd paragraph, first sentence

    Why Study Economics:

    • Missing .: first paragraph, 2nd sentence.

    Chapter 2:
    After Second Box "Economists Can't Agree on the Right Medicine"

    • Missing .: "are either dishonest or sloppy These passions"

    Chapter 3:

    • Extra space: First Box
    • "Murray Roth bard".
    Chapter 4: Consumer Goods versus Producer Goods:
    • Missing .: End of 2nd paragraph
    Chapter 6: How Prices Are Formed in Barter:
    • Extra Space: "Alice, Billy, and Christy
    • who arrive"
      • Made consistent with rest of the book (no space between dash and next word)
    Chapter 9:
    • Missing space: Right after footnote 2. "profitable.2On"
    Chapter 10: How Saving and Investment Increase An Economy's Future Output
    • Missing .: End of first paragraph
    • Missing .: Second paragraph, first sentence. "This is certainly a possibility For Example, if Bill"
    Chapter 11: Example 1: Supply Reduction
    • Missing .: First paragraph, 2nd sentence. "thousand barrels per day What effect will this have"
    Chapter 12:
    • Missing .: "the later money Market interest rates"
    • Missing .: "will pay back any borrowed money There are several"
    • Missing .: "debts and repayment history These companies sell"
    Chapter 13:
    • Missing ,: "In short entrepreneurs estimate whether their proposed"
    Chapter 15:
    • Missing .: "that occur in a system based on private property Indeed the very terminology"
    • Missing .: "not mere artifacts of a market economy The socialist planners"
    Chaper 16:
    • Missing .: "socialist regimes in the 20th century Now it is true"
    Chapter 18:
    • Missing space: right after footnote 1
    • Missing .: "eliminate the arbitrary disadvantages placed on particular sectors of the economy"
      • end of paragraph
    Chapter 19:
    • Missing .: "apply among individuals in a pure market economy The case for free trade"
    Chapter 20:
    • Missing space: Right after footnote 3
    • Missing space: Right after footnote 4
    • Extra space: "period— often called the “Noble Experiment”—mobsters"
    • Missing .: "as the heroin or cocaine trade is today The infamous"
    Chapter 21:
    • Missing .: "from an initial barter economy and eventually become money In such a situation"
    • Missing .: "valued even before they had achieved their status as money In a pure market"
    • Missing .: "no single agency in charge of “the money” No, various people could own gold mines"
    • Missing .: "in the same way that the total amount of bicycles isn’t set by a government agency"
      • end of paragraph
    • Missing .: "very controversial to even define what we mean by “the price of money” Economists have devised"
    • Missing .: "all of these activities much more orderly Having an unsound fiat money is"
    • Missing .: "in its official mission of price stability But in terms of the whole"
    Chapter 22:
    • Missing .: "create new money in the economy On the contrary if the government runs"
    Chapter 23:
    • Extra space: "—whether a consumer or a capital good— entrepreneurs must use"
    • Missing .: "making cars that no one wants to buy No, the correct thing to do is allow"
    Side Notes:
    • Should some of the tables be converted to HTML instead of images?
      • This would save on some space, and would leave formatting up to the epub reader. On my Nook some of the tables are very small and hard to read.
    • First letter of each chapter has:
      • I believe a much better way to do this would be to create a larger font class and apply that (sort of like what is done already in the other ebooks with Dropcap).
    • Should the "ind" class just be added into , instead of having (almost) every
      be class "ind"?
      • You can still override this with any special needs ("noind")
    • Inline formatting isn't very good practice.
      • For example:


        Why not create a class in the stylesheet called "chaptertitle" with the attributes of class "right" and "margin-top:30px"?
      • Another example:


        This is after almost every single chapter title (or subchapter title) in the first paragraph. Why not create a "firstparagraph" class, which includes margin-top:20px as an attribute?
        Or "marginfifty", "margintwenty", "marginthirty" class (with margin-top: ##px)?

        This can then be used multiple times throughout the document, and be able to be changed in just the stylesheet, instead of throughout the entire document.
    Fixed EPUB: http://www.mediafire.com/download.php?8p6np1svuot731x

    Original EPUB: http://www.mediafire.com/download.php?0v3ieg82r0um6w5
    Original PDF: http://www.mediafire.com/download.php?7bggj927yyoobmd

    Bourbon For Breakfast By Jeffrey Tucker

    ISBN-10: 1933550899
    ISBN-13: 978-1933550893

    Fix Notes:

    • "They impose a profound sense of guilt on your for watering the basil growing in your window box."
      • Changed to "you for watering"
    • "This would surely to it!"
      • Changed to "do it!"
    • "when the birds make music of symphonic quality, and when the very air we breath feels air conditioned."
      • Changed to "very air we breathe"
    • "people like Milton Friedman, who 0believed that a pure paper"
      • Got rid of the 0 before "believed"
    • "years of wrangling.The first advocates of keeping kids"
      • Added missing space between sentences
    • "And there’s this nose spray that will help me breath better and play trumpet like a pro,"
      • Changed to "breathe"
    • "as if the artists owns the image or work,"
      • Changed to "artist"
    • "It robs those who know the most of the ability of make decisions and innovate."
      • changed second "of" to "to".
    • "are sometime accused of using exaggerated and hyperbolic language."
      • Changed to "sometimes"
    • "Now it starts to make sense.You and I—his employers,"
      • Missing space between sentences
    • "locks, alarm systems, and the like.This is what prevents crimes from taking place."
      • Missing space between sentences
    • "suddenly stopping on a public road for no reason other than some vague memory than one had to in the past."
      • "memory than" changed to "memory that"
    • "You too will feel pity on the seventh eights of the human race that does not understand this simple point."
      • Changed to "seven eighths"
    • "But you say: surely if this were true, it would be common knowledge. Not sure. There are many thing that are true — the"
      • Changed "Not sure" to "Not true"
      • Combined that into one paragraph since it was an accidental split.
    • " their products and ideas spread.”Indeed it was true:"
      • Added a space before "Indeed"
    • "Are we really suppose to believe the maniac,"
      • Changed to "supposed"
    • "Is what Frank is doing privately really that much more shocking than what the Fed does as a matter of its own daily operations?"
      • Deleted "is" after Frank.
    • Seperated Fortune Cookie pictures from paragraphs proceeding them.

    Not sure on this, but pointing it out:

    • "and thereby corrects one of the most pervasive political errors of our time (that Nazism and Communism represent opposite ends of an ideological continuum.)."
      • Should there be the period inside the parenthesis?
    • "(If you don’t understand why this answer would be humiliating, you know even less about sports than I do.)"
      • Should the period be inside the parenthesis? This one is slightly different because it is at the end of a paragraph.
    • "The treatment of women in the movie is egregious and shocking,"
      • This is talking about Mad Men, a TV Show, not a movie.
    • When giving the recipe for bread, it uses the '1/4' character. This showed up on my Nook as '?'.  Might change to "1/4"?

    Fixed EPUB: http://www.mediafire.com/download.php?8hwl6jx21h2qe2a

    Original EPUB: http://www.mediafire.com/download.php?bnjz38s4z5h9zxv
    Original PDF: http://www.mediafire.com/download.php?suc1y3at94bcgw1

    Chaos Theory By Robert Murphy

    ISBN-10: 1933550651
    ISBN-13: 978-1933550657

    Fix Notes (these errors exist in the PDF as well):

    Deleted extra Space after '-':
    • "Even such champions of laissez- faire as Milton Friedman and Ludwig von Mises"
    • "For example, it would be very convenient for customers if a deli were open twenty- four hours a day."
    • "and would even work in a society populated with self- interested but ultimately rational people."
    • "He would probably be unable to get a full- time job,"
    • "Under a government system, someone acquitted on a technicality gets off scot- free."
    • "Profit- hungry businesses will thereby produce buildings and infrastructure"
    • "If these preparations reduced the chance of foreign invasion to only, say, one- half of one percent per year,"

    Extra spaces:

    Chapter 1 - Footnote 9
    • "the agreement would be understood implicit ly."

    Chapter 2 - Footnote 15
    • "he wouldn’t need any special “wartime powe rs.”"


    Fixed EPUB: http://www.mediafire.com/download.php?hptqafotl8ai3p1

    Original PDF: http://www.mediafire.com/download.php?vqkdlr77xc47awc
    Original EPUB: http://www.mediafire.com/download.php?f5lbvpmwbdzkx3o